Tag: Value Investing

People spend a lot of time looking at P/E ratios (Share Price divided by Earnings) when deciding whether to buy a stock. However, Warren Buffett notes that “It isn’t a multiple of today’s earnings that is primarily determinate of things.”

“It’s the future that counts,” Warren Buffett said at the 1995 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting, using an all-time hockey great’s words to illustrate his point. “Wayne Gretzky says to go where the puck is going to be, not where it is. . . . We want to be in the business that 10 years from now is earning a whole lot more money than it is now, and that we will still feel good about the prospects of the business at that time. That’s the kind of business we’re trying to buy all of, and that’s the kind of business that we try and buy part of.”

Buffett’s full explanation on future earnings

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© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

Usually, at the end of a bull market, companies rush to go public with IPOs (initial public offerings). It feeds the public’s hunger for stocks, but it is of not much interest to Warren Buffett. For Buffett, it’s just not where you are likely to get a good price.

“An auction market, prevailing in the stock market, will offer up extraordinary bargains sometimes, because somebody will sell a half a percent, or one percent of a company at a price that may be a quarter of what it’s worth, whereas in negotiated deals, you don’t get that,” Warren Buffett said at the 2004 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “An IPO situation more closely approximates a negotiated deal. I mean, the seller decides when to come to market in most cases. And they don’t pick a time necessarily that’s good for you.”

Buffett’s full explanation on why he avoids IPOs

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

When Price/Earnings ratios rise, it is the product of two factors, and Warren Buffett detailed them both.

“It’s very simple, the price-earnings ratio, relative price-earnings ratios, move up because people expect either the industry or the company’s prospects to be better relative to all other securities than they have been, than their proceeding view. And that can turn out to be justified or otherwise,” Warren Buffett said at the 1998 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “Absolute price-earnings ratios move up in respect to the earning power, or the prospective earning power of, that is viewed by the investing public of future returns on equity, and also in response to changes in interest rates.”

Hear Buffett’s full explanation

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

Time and investing are inextricably linked, as the time it takes for an investment directly effects your rate of return. And, Warren Buffett also sees time as both friend and foe for companies themselves.

“Time is the enemy of the poor business, and it’s the friend of the great business,” Warren Buffett said at the 1998 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “I mean if you have a business that’s earning 20 or 25 percent on equity, and it does that for a long time, time is your friend. But time is your enemy if you have your money in a low-return business. And you may be lucky enough to pick the exact moment when it gets taken over by someone else. But we like to think when we buy a stock we’re going to own it for a very long time, and therefore we have to stay away from businesses that have low returns on equity.”

Buffett’s full explanation on companies with poor returns on equity

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

Warren Buffett reminds investors that there is no special award for the degree of difficulty of an investing strategy. And, according to Buffett, in the end it is the execution of an investing strategy that is the most important thing.

“This is not like Olympic diving. In Olympic diving, you know, they have a degree of difficulty factor. And if you can do some very difficult dive, the payoff is greater if you do it well than if you do some very simple dive. That’s not true in investments,” Warren Buffett said at the 1998 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “You get paid just as well for the most simple dive, as long as you execute it all right. And there’s no reason to try those three-and-a-halves when you get paid just as well for just diving off the side of the pool and going in cleanly. So we look for one-foot bars to step over rather than seven-foot or eight-foot bars to try and set some Olympic record by jumping over. And it’s very nice, because you get paid just as well for the one-foot bars.”

Buffett’s full explanation on degree of difficulty versus reward in investing

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

When it comes to discussing a company’s financial performance, EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization), has become such a common reference point that you would think that everyone embraces its utility. However, neither Warren Buffett, nor Charlie Munger, who famously said “I think that, every time you see the word EBITDA, you should substitute the words ‘bullshit earnings,’” have much good to say about the acronym. Buffett has even gone so far as to call its widespread use a “mass delusion.”

“In respect to EBITDA, depreciation is an expense, and it’s the worst kind of an expense,” Warren Buffett said at the 2017 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “You know, we love to talk about float. And float is where we get the money first and we have the expense later. Depreciation is where you spend the money first, you know, and, then, record the expense later. And it’s reverse float. And it’s not a good thing. And to have that enter into a multiple, it’s much better to buy a business that has, everything else being equal, has no depreciation because it has, essentially, no investment and fixed assets that makes X, than it is to buy a company where there’s a lot of depreciation in getting to X. . . . And, of course, it’s in the interests of Wall Street, enormously, to focus on something called EBITDA because it results in higher borrowing power, higher valuations, and all of that sort of thing. So it’s become very popular in the last 20 years. . . . It’s a very misleading statistic that can be used in very pernicious ways.”

hear Buffett’s full explanation

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

When it comes to evaluating a company, you can’t rely on the reports Wall Street provides you, according to Warren Buffett. You have to do your own work, reading annual reports, including the annual reports of a company’s competitors.

“You can’t read Wall Street reports and get anything out of them,” Warren Buffett said at the 1996 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “You have to do it yourself and get your arms around it. I don’t think we’ve ever gotten an idea, you know, in forty years from a Wall Street report. But, we’ve gotten a lot of ideas from annual reports.”

Buffett’s full explanation on evaluating a company

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.

One of the most popular theories about stock market prices is that at any given time prices reflect all that is known about a company. Known as the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), it became especially popular during the 1970s, as the rise of the Information Age brought about exponential increases in the storage and exchange of data.

It would thus stand to reason, that five decades later, when even the most casual investors have access to valuation tools that the most sophisticated traders of the 1950s would never even have dreamt about, that prices have reached an efficiency where stocks are always fairly and accurately priced.

However, Warren Buffett doesn’t believe when it comes to the market that there is anything efficient about it, and that in fact, far from the market always reflecting an accurate valuation of a company’s worth, that it is “built into the system that stocks get mispriced.”

“The beauty of stocks is they do sell at silly prices from time to time,” Warren Buffett said at the 2012 Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. “Ben Graham writes about it in Chapter 8 of The Intelligent Investor. . . Chapter 8 says that in the market you’re going to have a partner named ‘Mr. Market,’ and the beauty of him as your partner is that he’s kind of a psychotic drunk, and he will do very weird things over time and your job is to remember that he’s there to serve you and not to advise you. And if you can keep that mental state, then all those thousands of prices that Mr. Market is offering you every day on every major business in the world, practically, that he is making lots of mistakes, and he makes them for all kinds of weird reasons. And all you have to do is occasionally oblige him when he offers to either buy or sell from you at the same price on any given day, any given security.”

Buffett’s full explanation on the stock market and stock prices

See the complete Lessons From Warren Buffett series

© 2021 David Mazor

Disclosure: David Mazor is a freelance writer focusing on Berkshire Hathaway. The author is long in Berkshire Hathaway, and this article is not a recommendation on whether to buy or sell the stock. The information contained in this article should not be construed as personalized or individualized investment advice. Past performance is no guarantee of future results.